名词:名词单双数,名词的格
(一)名词单双数
1.平头情状,统率加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结案,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬+y”结案,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结案,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规程名词双数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不该数名词的双数苟土刑:paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生身的玩意的名词通通格:
a) 双数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 结案的双数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 没对s 结案的双数后加 ’s children’s shoes
l并列名词中,正是把 ’s加在端然一个名词后,说明平头, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克平头的小轿车
l要说明通通物差讹平头的,应另行在并列名词后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克每的小轿车
(2)说明无生身玩意的名词通经常着“ of +名词”来说明通通眷念:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
冠词:不稳冠词,定冠词部类:
(1)不稳冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle
韵造端的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane
2. 用词:
定冠词的用词:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk.
(2)重复上文蓄养的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)闲磕牙双边都认得的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序数词前:John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于奠词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening
不着冠词的情状:
(1)妥实名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)双数名词说明一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在节日,约会,月份,时日前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)默读三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类鼓动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但工具前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
(7)臣子大号前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在称谓或等第的名词前:This is Mr Li.
(9)奠词组中:at noon at night by bus
代词、描述词、副词
代词:取名代词,物主代词
取名代词物主代词
主格宾格
第一
取名双数I(我)memy(我的)
双数we(自己人)usour(自己人的)
第二
取名双数you(你)youyour(你的)
双数you(你们)youyour(你们的)
第三
取名双数he(他)himhis(他的)
she(她)herher(她的)
it(它)itits(它的)
双数they(伊们/渠们/它们)themtheir(伊们的/渠们的/它们的)
描述词,副词:着呢级,最高等
(一)、描述词的着呢级
1、描述词着呢级在句子破的应用:两个事物某人的着呢用着呢级,着呢级过后平头带有说话than。着呢级弁罐用more, a little来垦说明等第。than后的取名代词用主格(烂舌头中可用宾格)。
2.描述词加er的规程:
平头在词尾加er ;
以柬e 结案,加r ;
以一个韵柬和一个辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬结案,应双写结束的辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬,再加er ;
以“辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬+y”结案,先把y变i,再加er 。
3.不规程描述词着呢级:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副词的着呢级
1.描述词与副词的差数(有be用形,材用be;有雇请副,有副用动)
在句子中描述词平头处于名词早先或be动词此后
副词在句子中最等闲的是处于实义动词此后
2.副词着呢级的岔开规程根本与描述词着呢级不异(不规程岔开:well-better, far-farther)
数词:底数词、序数词
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先说“几十”,另外“几”,腰加连脾气。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000过来,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion
1,001→one thousand and one(f1104.cn)
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
序数词
(1)平头在底数词后加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不规程岔开
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
(3)以y结案的十位整数,变y为ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的底数词变为序数词。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
底数词转为序数词的口诀:
基变序,有纪律,词尾加上-th.
一,二,三,非常记,词尾柬t,d,d.
八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。
ty将y成i,th弁有个e.
设或碰着几十几,前用基来后用序。
介词:经常着介词:in, on, at, behind等
1.at说明纪笼统的某一个点。(在某辰光、纪、阶段等)。
at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在顶球钟(拂晓、宵分、午时)
2.on
1)说明特定约会。
注:(1)近于"在周末"的数说明法:
at(on)the weekend在周末---特指
at(on)weekends在周末---泛指
over the weekend在无缺周末
during the weekend在周末纪
(2)在圣诞节节,应说at Christmas?而不说on Christmas?
2)在(刚……)的片霎。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城里他就给爹娘打了一个德律风。
3.in
1)说明"时段"、"纪",在泰情状下罐和during兑,前者着重相衬,后者着重续。in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十仲春、二十世纪)
动词:动词的四种紧:
(1)平头眼前时:
平头眼前时的格式
1. be动词:主题+be(am, is, are)+异。如:I am a boy. 我是一个童子。
2. 行检动词:主题+行检动词(+异)。如:We study English. 自己人攻读英语。
当主题为第三取名双数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽相似汉语。
动词+s的岔开规程
1.平头情状下,统率加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结案,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬+y”结案,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)平头阵地时:
动词阵地式详解 动词的阵地式的格式规程有:
A、规程动词
(1) 平头统率在动词的过后加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
(2) 以e结案的动词统率加d:如 lived , danced , used
(3) 以辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬加y结案的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (留意play、stay差讹辅音柬柬柬柬柬柬柬柬加y,所以然不归属此类)
(4) 双写端然一个柬(此类动词较少)如 stopped
B、不规程动词(此类词并无规程,须铭记)蒙塾阶段要记取当今动词的原样和阵地式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)平头未来时:
根本布局:
(1)be going to + do;
(2)will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(今天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)眼前陟时: am,is,are+动词眼前分词
动词眼前分词详解 动词的ing结成的格式规程:
(1) 平头的统率在过后加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
(2) 以e 结案的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
(3) 双写端然一个柬的(此类动词少少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting